天基激光清理低轨空间碎片的最佳角度分析与过程设计

针对天基高能脉冲激光清理低轨(LEO)空间碎片的问题,建立了高能脉冲激光清理LEO碎片作用过程和轨道演化的模型,推导了脉冲激光作用碎片的最佳角度与碎片轨道参数的解析关系,证明了最佳角度下的清理效果具有关于碎片轨道主轴对称的特性。以平台飞行时间和激光作用时间综合优化为目标,提出了一种天基激光清理空间碎片过程的简化设计方法,能快速有效地获得清理方案。选取典型的激光器与空间碎片参数进行仿真验证,结果表明:采用最佳作用角度能极大提高激光清理的效果;基于优化设计方法可使得在平台飞行时间仅增长10%情况下激光作用时间减少30%。

Optimal direction and a process design of removing low Earth orbit debris with space-based laser

To address the problem of how to remove low Earth orbit (LEO) debris with space-based high-powered pulse laser, a combined model of high-powered pulse laser ablation and variation of the debris'' orbit element is advanced. By theoretical analysis, an expression of the single laser pulse''s optimal interaction direction about the LEO debris'' orbit element is derived, and the single laser pulse''s optimal removal is proved to be mirror symmetric about the orbit major axis of debris. In consequence, aimed at optimizing both flight time of space platform and lasing time of laser, a simplified method of designing the removal process rapidly and effectively is brought out. The typical simulation and outcomes demonstrate that the optimal interaction direction is more efficient than others, and based on the simplified method, the lasing time of laser can be reduced by 30% with a 10% increase in space platform''s flight time.