圆柱体弹丸超高速斜撞击薄板的碎片云特征仿真分析

为研究圆柱体弹丸超高速撞击薄板的碎片云特征，基于仿真软件AUTODYN-3D的光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法，模拟圆柱体弹丸不同长径比、不同攻角条件下超高速撞击薄板的过程。设圆柱体弹丸撞击速度为5 km/s，长径比分别为0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0，攻角为15°～75°，数值模拟结果分析表明:圆柱体弹丸超高速斜撞击薄板形成的碎片云中，大部分是小质量碎片；大碎片的质量和动能占比较大，是造成后墙损伤的主要原因。同时，当弹丸长径比为0.5和1.0时，15°攻角下的碎片云侵彻能力最弱；长径比为2.0和4.0时，75°攻角下的碎片云侵彻能力最弱。研究结果可为航天器防护结构设计优化提供参考。

Simulation analysis of debris cloud characteristics of cylindrical projectile impacting thin plate obliquely at hypervelocity

In order to study the debris cloud characteristics of cylindrical projectiles impacting thin plate at hypervelocity, the process of cylindrical projectiles with different aspect ratios impacting thin plate with different attack angles were simulated based on the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method of numerical software AUTODYN-3D. The impact velocity of cylindrical projectile was set as 5 km/s and the aspect ratios of cylindrical projectiles were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 respectively. The attack angles were 15° to 75°. The analysis of numerical simulation results indicates that most of the debris clouds formed by the oblique hypervelocity impact of cylindrical projectiles on thin plates are composed of small mass debris. The mass and kinetic energy of large debris are large, which is the main causes of damage to the rear wall. At the same time, when the aspect ratios of the projectiles are 0.5 and 1.0, the penetration ability of debris cloud at 15° attack angle is the weakest. When the aspect ratios of the projectiles are 2.0 and 4.0, the penetration ability of debris cloud at 75° attack angle is the weakest. The results may provide a reference for the optimization design of spacecraft protective structure.