铝锂合金研究进展及发展趋势

铝锂合金历经三代发展,形成了完善的材料谱系,具有高比强度、高比韧度、高耐损伤的特点,是一种具有替代传统铝合金潜力,高减重效益的轻质合金,被认为是21世纪飞行器和舰船理想的结构材料。本文回顾了铝锂合金的发展历程,介绍了铝锂合金的成分设计思路、主要制备方法、先进应用技术等方面的研究进展,梳理了铝锂合金的发展趋势,指出成本较高是制约铝锂合金进一步大规模应用的主要问题,提出完善铝锂合金产品类型,开展抗疲劳、耐损伤、低密度铝锂合金研制,研究铝锂合金大型零件的整体制造技术,开发开展铝锂合金时效成形技术,激光焊、搅拌摩擦焊等先进连接技术等应用研究方向。

Research progress and development trend of aluminum-lithium alloys

Aluminum-lithium alloys have formed a perfect material system with high specific strength, high toughness and high damage tolerance resistance after the development of three generations. It is attractive to replace the traditional aluminum alloys owing to their excellent weight reduction ability. It is considered as the ideal structural materials for the aircraft and warship in the21 st century. This paper briefly reviews the development of Al-Li alloys, and introduces the idea of composition design,manufacturing and advanced application technology of the Al-Li alloys. It is pointed out that the high cost is the main problem restricting the further large-scale application of Al-Li alloys. The research directions, like to improve the product types of Al-Li alloys, develop anti-fatigue, anti-damage and low density Al-Li alloys, study the overall manufacturing technology of Al-Li alloy large parts, develop the Al-Li alloy aging forming technology, laser welding, friction stir welding and other advanced joining technologies, and other applications are also proposed in this paper.