空间在轨增材制造技术的研究进展与展望

空间在轨增材制造（in-space additive manufacturing，ISAM）技术是一种“空间3D”打印技术，在在轨制造和空间基地建造方面具有很好的应用前景。首先概述了空间在轨增材制造技术的主要内涵，进而全面梳理了国际上空间在轨增材制造技术的研究进展。结合空间站、在轨航天器的需求，重点分析了空间在轨增材制造关键技术对其原材料、技术手段以及设备的要求，在此基础上梳理了空间在轨增材制造技术现阶段面临的挑战。综合表明，特殊的空间环境（微重力、高真空等）都在紧密限制着空间在轨原材料、设备以及技术的选用。最后，基于当前空间在轨制造技术的发展现状、需求以及可能的实现途径，为中国空间在轨增材制造技术的未来发展指明了新的方向。

Research progress and prospect of on-orbit additive manufacturing technology

In-space additive manufacturing technology is a “space 3D” printing technology，which has attracted major attention due to its application in on-orbit manufacturing and space base additive manufacturing.The basic concepts were introduced and the progress of space on-orbit additive manufacturing technology in the world was summarized.With the requirement of space stations and on-orbit spacecraft，the significant challenge of in-space additive manufacturing was the raw materials，printing technology and equipment.This was attributed to the unique feature of the space environment，including microgravity and high vacuum，etc. Finally，based on the current development status，requirements，and possible implementation paths of in-space on orbit manufacturing technology，the development direction of in-space additive manufacturing was pointed out.