加油机喷流对受油机的气动干扰机理

针对软式平台(HDB)、软式吊舱(HDP)和硬式平台(FB)3种典型加油方案研究了喷流对加油流场的影响。采用结构化多块网格和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程,通过带涡轮动力模拟器(TPS)和翼身组合体构型DLR-F6对数值方法进行了验证。通过对3种典型的空中加油方案进行数值模拟,并和不考虑喷流效应的空中加油流场进行对比,详细研究了不同加油方案中加油机喷流对受油机气动特性的干扰作用。结果表明:受油机升力系数、阻力系数以及低头力矩与无喷流相比均有增大。受油机在硬式平台加油方案中受喷流影响最小,但其横航向气动特性在软式吊舱加油方案中受加油机喷流影响较大。喷流对受油机的气动干扰主要表现在提高受油机来流动压、改变局部迎角以及对周边气流的引射作用,这些因素会导致受油机表面压力与无喷流相比发生较大变化。其中,局部迎角的改变是由喷流的加速效应及其对尾涡的耗散作用导致的。

Mechanism of aerodynamic interference of tankers jet flow on receiver

The jet effect in aerial refueling was studied in hose-drogue after body (HDB), hose-drogue after pod (HDP) and flying boom (FB) refueling methods, based on structured multi-block grid and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations. This numerical method was verified by turbine powered simulation (TPS) and DLR-F6 cases. Compared with no jet situation, the mechanism of aerodynamic interference was explored in three different methods. Result showed that, the lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitch down moment of receiver were larger than the case without jet flow. The receiver in FB refueling method was slightly affected, while the lateral characteristic in HDP refueling method was changed severely by jet. The increase of dynamic pressure, the change of local flow angle and the ejecting effect were main phenomena caused by jet flow, which resulted in remarkable pressure change on receiver. Moreover, the local flow angle was changed by acceleration effect and the wake vortex dissipated by jet.