基于人工免疫算法的载人登月任务地月转移双脉冲中止策略研究彭 坤,果琳丽,向开恒,王 平,杨 雷

载人登月任务中,任务中止策略设计是确保航天员安全返回的重要基础。首先结合"星座"计划飞行方案分析了载人登月任务各飞行阶段的中止策略;其次针对地月转移巡航段进行了双脉冲中止策略设计,以速度增量数值、方位角以及变轨时间间隔为控制变量,加入轨道同向、近地点高度、偏心率以及飞行时间约束,提出双脉冲变轨计算流程;最后采用人工免疫算法对该问题进行了求解和优化。仿真算例表明,双脉冲中止策略存在多组解,其全局分布特性为:飞行时间越短速度增量需求越大;飞行时间相近时,大偏心率中止轨道对应的速度增量小;故障点离地月加速点越近,所需速度增量越小。同时也验证了人工免疫算法求解双脉冲中止策略问题的有效性。

Two-Impulse Abort Strategy for Translunar Coast of Manned Lunar Missions Based on Artificial Immune Algorithm

Abort strategy design for manned lunar missions is an important basis to ensure the safe return of the crew to Earth .First, abort strategy in different phases of manned lunar missions were analyzed based on the flight plan of Constellation program .Then two-impulse abort strategy for trans-lunar coast was designed , and a calculation process of two-impulse transfer was proposed , in which velocity increment value , velocity azimuth and interval of two impulse were considered as control variable , orbit in the same direction , perigee height , eccentricity and flight time were joined as con-straints .Finally , an artificial immune algorithm was used to solve and optimize this problem .Simu-lation results showed that , two-impulse abort strategy has multiple solutions , and their global distri-bution character is that shorter flight time corresponds to greater velocity increment , larger eccentric-ity abort orbit has smaller velocity increment when flight time is similar .When the failure time is closer to translunar injection , the velocity increment required is smaller .The effectiveness of artifi-cial immune algorithm for solving two-impulse abort strategy was also validated .