航天器热设计中的系统性和鲁棒性

从航天器系统设计最优的角度,讨论了热设计应关注的几个问题:系统最优而非分系统指标最优的热设计原则,合理并充分利用航天器资源的热管理思路,解决航天器研制问题的热设计最小重构手段,适应航天器在轨意外故障的鲁棒性热设计方法。提出了现阶段航天器热设计应适当增加主动热控比例的设计原则;结合卫星应用实例,给出了充分利用电加热这种简单可靠的主动热控手段,来提高热设计鲁棒性,从而提升热设计系统性的方案和流程。

Discuss About System and Robust Design of Spacecraft Thermal Control

For the purpose of an optimum spacecraft system design, some thermal design methods for spacecraft are referred in this paper. The optimization of thermal control system should com- ply with the principle of optimizing the overall system not the subsystems, make full use of spacecraft resources, provide minimum reconfiguration to resolve the problems in spacecraft development, and give robust design method to adopt in orbit spacecraft malfunctions. The paper puts forward the design principle of adding active thermal control means and, with an example of spacecraft application, gives the simple and reliable means of electric heater to improve the design robustness.