客机通风系统中风扇流量特性数值模拟与研究

研究客机通风系统中某型风扇在变流量条件下风扇各个性能参数的变化趋势。用基于CFX的数值模拟的方法得到了各流量下的风扇效率、压升、功率等参数和叶片表面静压力分布以及流场中的漩涡结构。计算与分析表明总压效率在一定范围内会随流量增大而增加，当流量达到一定值后再增加流量会使效率急剧降低。另外，流量的变化导致叶片表面静压力以及风扇所受气动力的变化，在低流量下，叶轮所受气动力存在一个最低点。在给定的流量范围内流场中的漩涡结构也会随流量变化，这主要是因为流量变化引起了攻角的变化。

Numerical simulation and Research on flow characteristics of a certain type of fan in the ventilation system of airliners

This paper is aimed at studying changing trend of each performance parameter of a certain type of fan in the airliner ventilation system under the condition of variable flow rate. The parameters of fan efficiency, pressure rise, power, static pressure distribution on blade surface and the vortex structure in flow field were obtained by CFX numerical simulation. The calculation and analysis show that the total pressure efficiency increases with the increase of flow rate in a certain range, and the efficiency decreases sharply when the flow rate reaches a certain value. In addition, the change of flow rate leads to the change of static pressure on the blade surface and aerodynamic force on the fan. At low flow rate, the aerodynamic force on the impeller has a lowest point. The vortex structure in the flow field also varies with the flow rate in the give range, which is mainly due to the change of the attack angle caused by the flow rate.