月球探测器转移轨道的特性分析

主要分析了月球探测器由近地点出发，在假定末端条件不变的情况下，其转移轨道的特性参数对初始条件和变轨所需的速度脉冲等的影响；考虑的特性参数的变化包括转移轨道倾角的变化，近地点高度的变化和转移时间的不同．

ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSFER TRAJECTORY OF LUNAR EXPLORER

The characteristics of a trans-lunar trajectory affected by some parameters such as the height of perigee, trans-time and inclination of transfer trajectory is analyzed in this article. Assuming a lunar explorer is injected into the transfer trajectory from a circle earth parking orbit on 025000, 08/27/2004 and approaches perilune of 200km high forming a polar lunar orbit. Two velocity impulse at perigee and perilune are calculated. The results show that the inclination of transfer trajectory has little effect on the velocity impulse of perigee, but remarkable on the velocity impulse of perilune. A transfer trajectory with certain inclination should be chosen to the least fuel consume. The total velocity impulse will decrease with the trans-time increases. When the trans-time is longer than 90 h, the total velocity impulse varies little. But the trans-time of 120h is chosen to ensure that the spacecraft be observed at perilune. The fuel can be saved by increasing the injecting height, but the capability of launch vehicle should be considered simultaneously to decide the height.