高强度弹性合金的微孔铣削实验研究

使用超高精度加工中心进行了多组铣削3J33B高强度弹性合金微孔的铣削实验，使用Kistler 9119AA2型高精度测力仪测量铣削力，使用Keyence 3D激光显微镜测量已加工孔的尺寸，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）测量刀具磨损。实验结果表明，在不同的切削速度条件下，主铣削力的Y方向分力（Y方向力）总是大于X方向分力（X方向力）。在铣削微孔过程中，使用高切削速度进行微细铣削成孔时，已加工孔的孔口直径尺寸误差会增大，严重影响尺寸精度。刀具磨损最严重的区域在刀尖处，并且发生磨损的区域基本集中在整个切削刃的钝圆和接近钝圆的后刀面处。当在低速切削时，磨粒磨损是刀具的主要磨损形式，然而，随着切削速度的提高，氧化磨损所占比例逐渐增大。已加工表面的弹性回复加剧了后刀面磨损，并影响切削稳定性。 

Experimental investigation on micro milling holes of high-strength elastic alloy

In this study, several sets of experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristics of micro milling holes in high-strength elastic alloy 3J33B material using an ultra-precision machine tool. The milling forces were measured using a Kistler 9119AA2 dynamometer, and the sizes and surface burrs on the machined holes were measured using a Keyence 3D laser scanning microscope. Furthermore, tool wear was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). Experimental results indicate that the force in Y direction is always greater than the force in X direction regardless of the cutting speed variation. High cutting speeds or high spindle speeds may affect the machining dimensional accuracy during micro milling holes. The most serious region of tool wear is the tool tip of cutting edge in micro milling holes, and the wear is mainly concentrated on the whole cutting edge roundness and the flank which is near the cutting edge roundness. Abrasive wear is the main form of tool wear at a low cutting speed, and the effect of oxidation wear on tool wear increases with the increase in the cutting speeds. The elastic recovery of the machined surface aggravates the wear of the flank wear and affects the cutting stability.