基于IMU与UKF的船舶升沉运动信息测量方法

为获取实时、精确的船舶升沉运动信息，根据船舶升沉运动模型和频谱分析方法，建立描述惯性测量单元（IMU）的加速度测量信息与船舶升沉运动状态量关系的解析模型。基于无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）算法非线性滤波的特点，进行升沉运动滤波解算。通过仿真分析证明了所提方法在船舶升沉运动测量中的有效性。利用三自由度平台升沉运动测量实验验证，结果表明，同一模型下，相比于扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）算法的解算结果，所提方法具有更快的收敛速度和更高的测量精度；对船舶升沉位移的估计精度达到最大升沉幅值的5%，可以得到精确、无时延的船舶升沉运动信息。 

Measure ment method of ship's heave motion infor mation based on IMU and UKF algorithm

To obtain accurate estimation of ship heave motion information in real time, according to the ship heave kinematics model and spectral analysis method, an analytical model describing the relationship between the acceleration measurement information of the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and the ship heave motion state quantity was established. Based on the characteristics of Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) nonlinear filtering algorithm, the heave motion filtering solution is performed. Simulation analysis proves the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in ship heave motion measurement. The experimental verification of the three-degree-of-freedom platform heave motion measurement is performed. The experimental results show that, compared with the solution of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) method, the algorithm in this paper has faster convergence speed and higher measurement accuracy; the estimation accuracy of the ship's heave displacement reaches 5% of the maximum heave amplitude, and accurate and no-delay ship heave motion information can be obtained.