基于适航的通航飞机左边界飞行安全研究

失速/尾旋一直是通航飞机面临的最严重的左边界飞行安全问题,失速/尾旋事故统计结果表明,具备尾旋改出能力,不能避免失速/尾旋造成灾难性后果。为了避免飞机出现无意偏离可控飞行的趋势,通过对“多重防御”理念和基于此理念修订的失速/尾旋条款及其符合性验证方法的解析,提出通过提升飞行员的状态感知、增强飞机抗偏离特性和降低失控危害程度等层面的通航飞机左边界飞行的多重防御体系构建方法。本文提出的方法有助于通航飞机更好的符合新规章中失速尾旋适航条款的要求,达到提升左边界飞行安全的目的。

Research on Flight Safety of Left Boundary of General Aviation Aircraft Based on Airworthiness

Stall/spin has always been the most serious safety problem faced by general aviation aircraft in left boundary of flight envelope. The statistics of stall/spin accidents show that, the catastrophic consequences of stall/spin cannot be avoided although the aircraft has the ability to recover from spin. The text explains the concept of "layered defenses", and analyzes the requirements of stall/spin in the new FAR-23 airworthiness standards and the accepted compliance methods based on this concept. The construction method of a multiple defense system for the safety of general aviation aircraft in left boundary of flight envelope are proposed by improving the pilot"s state awareness, enhancing the aircraft"s departure resistance and reducing the damage of loss of control which will help general aviation aircraft better meet the requirements of the stall/spin airworthiness standards, and achieve the purpose of improving flight safety in left boundary of flight envelope.