一种基于不确定性全寿命周期仿真的分离模块航天器评估方法(英文)

为了对新概念分离模块航天器进行全面评估,本文提出了一种基于不确定性全寿命周期仿真的评估方法。首先,对分离模块航天器术语和体系结构进行了阐述,对评价准则进行了定义,确定以风险调节全寿命周期成本和净收益现值的期望值和方差作为评价指标。其次,对分离模块航天器概念设计阶段学科模型进行了介绍,以此为基础对全寿命周期成本模型和净收益现值模型进行了详细讨论。再次,对全寿命周期不确定性因素进行了分析,并采用概率论进行了数学建模。然后,对全寿命周期仿真过程时序进行了分析,采用面向对象建模的方法对仿真模型进行了建模;仿真模型集成了仿真对象的不确定性模型,能够随着全寿命周期仿真演进对仿真对象的不确定性状态进行动态演化,以此为基础构建了基于不确定性全寿命周期仿真评估平台。最后,基于该评估方法对虚拟对地遥感分离模块航天器方案进行讨论,结果表明在考虑不确定性因素影响下,模块分离方案和分批发射方案对成本与收益有很大影响,且分离模块航天器比其对应传统单颗航天器更有优势。

A Fractionated Spacecraft System Assessment Tool Based on Lifecycle Simulation Under Uncertainty

To comprehensively assess fractionated spacecraft, an assessment tool is developed based on lifecycle simulation under uncertainty driven by modular evolutionary stochastic models. First, fractionated spacecraft nomenclature and architecture are clarified, and assessment criteria are analyzed. The mean and standard deviation of risk adjusted lifecycle cost and net present value (NPV) are defined as assessment metrics. Second, fractionated spacecraft sizing models are briefly described, followed by detailed discussion on risk adjusted lifecycle cost and NPV models. Third, uncertainty sources over fractionated spacecraft lifecycle are analyzed and modeled with probability theory. Then the chronological lifecycle simulation process is expounded, and simulation modules are developed with object oriented methodology to build up the assessment tool. The preceding uncertainty models are integrated in these simulation modules, hence the random object status can be simulated and evolve with lifecycle timeline. A case study to investigate the fractionated spacecraft for a hypothetical earth observation mission is carried out with the proposed assessment tool, and the results show that fractionation degree and launch manifest have great influence on cost and NPV, and generally fractionated spacecraft is more advanced than its monolithic counterpart under uncertainty effect. Finally, some conclusions are given and future research topics are highlighted.