空中发射技术特点的量化分析

近几年，随着小卫星市场的蓬勃发展，小型卫星发射市场持续升温，以飞马座XL和运载器一号火箭为代表的空射火箭完成多次发射任务，将数十颗卫星送入近地轨道。空射运载火箭具备快速响应、机动灵活、发射成本低、任务适应性强等技术特点。运载火箭从空中发射可以充分利用载机的飞行高度和飞行速度，在相同的系统运载能力下，火箭的起飞质量更小；在相同的火箭起飞质量下，系统运载能力更高；同时，对于规模星座快速部署，空中发射的灵活优势显著。围绕空射火箭的上述技术特点，基于空射火箭模型开展仿真分析研究及不同发射方式的结果对比，结果表明空射方式对提升系统效益效果显著。

Quantitative Analysis of Air Launch Technology

In recent years, with the booming development of the smallsats market, the smallsats launch market continues to heat up. The air launched vehicle, represented by Pegasus XL and Launcher One rocket, have completed multiple launch mission, sending dozens of satellites into LEO. The air launched vehicle has the technical characteristics of fast response, flexible maneuverability, low launch cost and strong mission adaptability. The launch vehicle from the air can make full use of the height and speed of the carrier aircraft, under the same carrying capacity, the rocket takes off mass is smaller, and under the same taking off mass, the carrying capacity is higher. Meanwhile, for the rapid deployment of large-scale constellations, the flexibility of air launch has significant advantages. This article focuses on the above technical characteristics of air launched vehicle, conducts simulation analysis research based on air launched vehicle models, and compares the results of different launch methods. The results show that air-launched methods have a significant effect on improving system efficiency.