有源电磁超构表面应用综述

电磁超构表面具有卓越的电磁波人工控制能力，可应用于透射、反射、衍射等多种情况，因此，超构表面在基础光学和电磁调控领域中的具有巨大的应用潜力及前景。将有源元件引入电磁超构表面是开发下一代平面光学组件和电磁器件的关键步骤。在过去的几年里，许多研究者尝试开发基于各种新型活性材料和可调谐机制的超构表面器件，使之具有动态调控功能的光学特性（如振幅、相位、偏振、空间、时间响应）及器件功能（如光束转向、动态聚焦、可调谐滤波器、动态全息图等）。这些有源超构表面在实际应用中显示出巨大的前景，但仍存在重大挑战。本文主要讨论了基于有源电磁超构表面的若干潜在应用、新兴技术和研究方向。

Review on active metasurface applications

Metasurface has excellent artificial control ability of electromagnetic (EM) wave, which can be applied in transmission, reflection, diffraction and other propagation scenarios. Therefore, metasurface has great application potential and prospect in the field of basic optics and electromagnetic regulation. Introducing active components into metasurface construction is a key step in the development of the next generation of planar optical components and EM devices. In the past few years, researchers have attempted to develop novel active materials and tunable mechanisms based on metasurface devices to realize various EM properties (such as amplitude, phase, polarization, spatial and temporal responses) and device functions (such as beam steering, dynamic focusing, tunable filters, dynamic holograms, etc.) with dynamic regulatory functions. Although these active metasurfaces show great potentials in practical applications, there still remains some significant challenges. In this review, the potential applications, emerging technologies and research directions of active metasurfaces have been mainly discussed and analyzed.