表面触觉再现技术现状和评估方法

表面触觉再现技术可通过裸指触摸屏幕来感知物体特性，在多媒体终端实现高效自然的交互，具有巨大的研究价值，因而得到国内外研究学者的广泛关注。然而，现有研究多集中于力觉交互设备，未对表面触觉再现设备进行系统分析，且对设备的各项性能评价过于主观，未给出客观可信的表面触觉再现技术评估标准。首先，在充分研究现有表面触觉再现技术的基础上，重点对近十年表面触觉再现技术进行补充和完善。将表面触觉再现设备分为振动式、压力式、压膜式、静电力式和电刺激式，重点从工作原理、装置构成和性能指标等方面对典型设备进行详细分析和介绍，总结设备在触觉表达方面存在的优缺点。然后，针对现有评价方式过于粗糙和主观的问题，提出一种表面触觉再现技术的评估方法。通过制造难度、工作区间等7种评价指标全面评价设备的性能，采用专家打分法和层次分析法获得振动式、压力式、压膜式、静电力式4种设备在每种评价指标下的权重，并对4种设备在多媒体终端应用中的性能优劣进行排序，为不同领域下选择和评价表面触觉再现设备提供参考。最后，总结现有设备的不足，讨论其未来的研究和改进方向。

Status and evaluation method of surface tactile representation technology

Surface tactile representation technology can display characteristics of the displayed contents through our bare fingers, realizing efficient and natural interaction on multimedia terminal screens. However, most studies in this field focus on the force tactile interaction device, and do not systematically analyze the surface tactile representation device. Moreover, their performance evaluation methods for the devices are too subjective to provide an objective and reliable evaluation standard. Based on the sufficient studies of the existing tactile representation technology, this paper focuses on supplementing and improving the surface tactile representation technology in the last decade. We divide surface tactile representation devices into five types:Vibration, stress, air squeeze-film, electrostatic and electrotactile devices. Then, we introduce and analyze the typical devices from working principles, device structures and performance indexes in detail. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of these devices are summarized. In addition, to solve the problem that the existing evaluation method is too rough and subjective, this paper presents an evaluation method to the surface tactile representation technology and seven evaluation indexes such as manufacturing difficulty and work area are used to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the surface tactile representation devices. Expert evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process are used to obtain the weights of four devices under each evaluation index. We also obtain the performance sorting of four kinds of devices in multimedia terminal application, providing reference for selection and evaluation of the surface tactile representation devices in other fields. Finally, we summarize the shortages of the existing devices and discuss the future research and improvement directions.