民用飞机第25.865条要求及符合性验证研究

基于国内外运输类飞机针对适航标准第 25. 865 条的符合性现状,结合飞机在着火情况下一定时间内的操纵和安全飞行需要,在分析易受飞机着火影响的飞行安全关键部件防火要求的基础上,即位于指定火区或邻近指定火区内必需的飞行操纵器件、发动机架和其它飞行结构,如发动机安装节、邻近发动机舱或 APU 舱的主飞控部件等,必须用防火材料制造或用防火材料屏蔽,使之能至少承受 15 min 的着火影响,提出了第 25. 865 条的适航解析要求和符合性验证方法。 开展了对第 25. 865 条的制定背景、技术要求及符合性验证方法的研究,包括适航要求的解析,防火的定义解读,防火材料和非防火材料的符合性验证思路,及对关键飞行操纵器件、屏蔽、冗余和气弹稳定性等方面的着火评估,形成了第 25. 865 条的适航技术要求和符合性验证方法,可为运输类飞机针对第 25. 865 条的适航性设计和符合性验证提供参考。

Requirements and compliance verification of 25. 865

Based on the compliance status of domestic and foreign transport aircraft with article 25. 865 of airworthiness standards, combined with the control and safe flight needs of aircraft in a certain period of time under fire conditions, and on the basis of analyzing the fire protection requirements of key flight safety components vulnerable to aircraft fire, this paper proposes necessary flight controls, engine mounts and other flight structures located in or adjacent to the designated fire zone, such as engine mounts, the main flight controls adjacent to the engine compartment or APU compartment must be made of fireproof materials or shielded with fireproof materials, so that they can withstand the fire impact for at least 15 minutes. The analytical airworthiness requirements and compliance verification methods in article 25. 865 were proposed. This paper has carried out the research on the formulation background, technical requirements and compliance verification methods of article 25. 865, including the analysis of airworthiness requirements, the interpretation of fire prevention definitions, the compliance verification ideas of fireproof materials and non-fireproof materials and the fire assessment of key flight controls, shielding, redundancy and aeroelastic stability, forming the airworthiness technical requirements and compliance verification methods of article 25. 865, which can provide a reference for the airworthiness design and compliance verification of transport aircraft in accordance with article 25. 865.