直线气浮导轨静特性数值分析

气浮导轨具有摩擦阻力小、运动精度高、清洁无污染等特点,近年来在测量仪器、精密机械中得到了广泛的应用。本文针对直线气浮导轨这一基础部件进行了体润滑分析,给出了二维可压缩气润滑的等参有限元润滑方程,进而采用牛顿拉普逊法对非线性润滑方程线性化求解,求得二维润滑区压力分布。对直线气浮导轨的承载能力、气体流量、开式导轨刚度、闭式导轨刚度进行了计算,并给出了它们随供气压力、气膜厚度变化的特性曲线。计算表明:对于精密机械、测量仪器使用闭式气浮导轨更为有利。

Numerical Analysis of the Static Characteristics of a Gas Lubricated Slideway

Gas lubricated slideway has the characteristics of low friction,high linear precision,and no pollution etc. . Recently,gas lubricated slideway has been widely used in measuring instruments and precision machines. This paper gives a lubrication analysis of a gas lubricated slideway which is a basic element of machinery. Also-given are two-dimensional isoparameter finite element equations of the compressible gas lubrication problem. The nonlinear equations are linearized and solved with Newton-Raphson method. Two-dimensional pressure distribution of the lubricated area is then achieved. Calculation is made of the static characteristics of the slideway (load capacity,mass flow rate,both stiffnesses of single acting and opposed acting). The curves of the static characteristics varying with gas film thickness,source pressure are also presented.It is shown that it is more suitable for the use by precision machines and measuring instrument of opposed acting gas lubricated slideway.