基于卫星导航的铁路列车控制系统自主定位技术研究进展

基于卫星导航的车载自主化列车控制是智能铁路技术体系的关键组成部分。对中国列车控制系统体系架构进行了梳理,分析了列控专用列车自主定位基本结构及与列控系统的接口模式。结合列车运行控制对安全性的特定需求,探讨了列车自主定位性能需求体系,介绍了国内外基于卫星导航的新型列车控制系统的发展情况,阐述了列车自主定位技术内涵及主要研究进展,从多源感知融合无缝定位、列车卫星定位主动增强、定位专用轨道地图数据库、自主定位性能测试评估等多个方面进行了全面系统的梳理和分析,介绍了伪卫星增强列车定位、轨旁卫星定位增强网络、地理分布式零现场虚拟测试设施等典型成果,并对前沿技术运用演进、关键场景融合优化、复杂环境安全防护、跨层协同全息感知、专用标准规范体系等未来发展方向进行了展望。

Research progress on autonomous positioning of satellite navigation-based railway train control system

Train-borne autonomous train control based on satellite navigation is a key component of the intelligent railway technical system. The system architecture of Chinese Train Control System (CTCS) is investigated. The fundamental structure of dedicated autonomous train positioning and its interface mode to the train control system are analyzed. According to the specific requirement to the safety level of train control, the performance requirement system of autonomous train positioning is discussed. With the introduction of the worldwide development of novel train control systems, the technology connotation and the research progress of autonomous train positioning are explained. A comprehensive and systematic analysis is carried out from the perspectives of seamless positioning by multi-source fusion, active augmentation of satellite-based train positioning, positioning-dedicated trackmap database, and autonomous positioning performance test and evaluation. Typical achievements such as pseudolite-enhanced train positioning, track-side global navigation satellite system (GNSS) augmentation network, and geo-distributed zero-on-site virtual test infrastructure are introduced. The future development directions are proposed, including advanced technology implementation and evolution, fusion optimization for significant scenarios, security protection under complex environments, cross-layer cooperative holographic perception, dedicated standard and specification system, etc.