机翼对自转旋翼机纵向稳定性的影响

为了研究机翼对自转旋翼机纵向稳定性的影响，针对某复合式自转旋翼机，建立了基于状态空间法描述的非线性全量方程数学模型。该模型包含自转旋翼、机身、螺旋桨、机翼和尾翼的气动模型、动态入流模型和稳定性分析模型。运用该模型对比研究了样例自转旋翼机和样例复合式自转旋翼机的纵向稳定性。研究结果表明：机翼的增加对于浮沉模态和短周期模态稳定性是有利的；对于旋翼转速模态稳定性是不利的，在设计复合式自转旋翼机时可以考虑增加旋翼桨尖配重来提高此模态的稳定性。机翼的纵向位置对自转旋翼机的纵向稳定性有显著影响。在机翼纵向位置能满足配平约束条件下，机翼纵向位置越靠后，迎角稳定性越好，但旋翼转速稳定性越差。在设计复合式自转旋翼机时，机翼纵向位置的选择要综合考虑这两个因素进行折中。

Effects of Wing on Autogyro Longitudinal Stability

Based on a gyroplane, a nonlinear mathematical model of coupled equations described by the state space method is presented in this paper in order to study the effects of the wing on autogyro longitudinal stability. The model consists of an aerodynamic model (which includes an autorotating rotor, a fuselage, a propeller, and a wing and a tail aerodynamic model), a dynamic inflow model and a stability analysis model. The model is applied to study the sample autogyro and sample gyroplane longitudinal stability. By contrastive analysis, the results show that the wing is favorable for phugoid mode and short period mode stability. It is unfavorable for rotor speed mode stability but the rotor blade tip weight could be increased to improve the mode stability when the gyroplane is designed. The wing longitudinal position has a significant influence on the autogyro longitudinal stability. When the wing longitudinal position satisfies the trim constraints, the more rearward the wing is located, the better is the angle of attack stability of the gyroplane, but the worse is its rotor speed stability. The wing longitudinal position should be selected eclectically by considering these two factors when a gyroplane is designed.