振动环境下小尺寸减压阀的建模与分析

减压阀作为飞行器液压伺服系统的压力控制阀，在整机振动环境下必须维持必需的服役性能。以某飞行器用小尺寸减压阀为研究对象，将压力感受腔油液等效为液压弹簧，与调压弹簧、阀芯一起构成典型的质量-弹簧（机械弹簧和液压弹簧）-阻尼系统。分别建立了整机无振动时与整机振动时的减压阀分析方法和数学模型。研究结果表明：整机无振动时调压弹簧刚度越大，阀共振频率越高；压力感受腔容积越大，阀共振频率越低。整机振动环境影响减压阀的工作性能，可以恰当地设计减压阀的通径、弹簧刚度、压力感受腔尺寸等参数，使得减压阀在整机振动环境下实现必需的工作特性。理论结果和实验结果基本一致。振动环境下液压阀的分析方法和所建立的数学模型，为整机振动时液压元件的性能预测和评估提供了一种有效的基础理论支撑。

Modeling and Analysis of Small Size Pressure Reducing Valve in Vibration Environment

The pressure reducing valve is used as the pressure control valve of the hydraulic servo system of the aircraft, and must maintain the necessary service performance in the vibration environment of the whole machine. A small-sized pressure reducing valve for an aircraft is used as a research object, and the pressure sensing chamber oil is equivalent to a hydraulic spring, which together with the pressure regulating spring and the valve core constitute a typical mass-spring (mechanical spring and Hydraulic spring) - Damping system. The mathematical model of the pressure reducing valve is established when the whole machine is not vibrating and the whole machine is vibrating. The research results show that the stiffness of the pressure-regulating spring is higher when the whole machine is not vibrating, and the valve resonance frequency is higher. The larger the pressure-sensing cavity volume is, the lower the valve resonance frequency is. The vibration environment of the whole machine affects the working performance of the pressure reducing valve, and the parameters such as the diameter of the pressure reducing valve, the spring stiffness, and the pressure sensing chamber size can be properly designed, so that the pressure reducing valve can realize the necessary working characteristics in the vibration environment of the whole machine. The theoretical results are basically consistent with the experimental results. The analysis method and the established mathematical model of the hydraulic valve in the vibration environment provide basic theoretical support for the performance prediction and evaluation of hydraulic components under the vibration environment of the whole machine.