基于卡尔曼滤波的时分星间信号跟踪技术研究

在星间链路领域的测量过程中，时分双工体制星间测量逐渐成为新兴技术，而时分信号的跟踪精度决定了接收机测量误差。传统的接收机载波跟踪环路可以保证对连续信号的稳定跟踪，但受相位抖动的影响较大，且对于时分双工体制间断信号，会出现开环阶段跟踪结果发散的问题。针对以上问题，提出了一种基于自适应卡尔曼滤波的时分信号跟踪技术，采用卡尔曼滤波器对鉴相结果进行处理，在开环阶段根据前一时刻的最终状态对频率进行稳定外推。相比于传统跟踪环路，该技术的载波相位跟踪误差绝对值均值降低了92.9%，标准差降低了93.5%。实验结果表明，该技术不仅实现了开环阶段载波相位的稳定跟踪，且有效抑制了闭环阶段相位抖动的影响，对实现时分双工体制星间精密测量具有重要应用意义。

Research on tracking technology of time division intersatellite signal based on Kalman filter

During the measurement in the field of inter-satellite link, the inter-satellite measurement of time division duplex system gradually becomes the emerging technology, and the tracking accuracy of time division signal determines the measurement error of receiver. The traditional receiver carrier tracking loop can ensure the stable tracking of continuous signals, but it is greatly affected by phase jitter. And when tracking the discontinuous signal of time division duplex system, there is problem of divergence of tracking results in open loop stage. Aiming at these problems, a time division signal tracking technology based on adaptive Kalman filter is proposed, which uses Kalman filter to process the phase detection results and extrapolates the frequency stably according to the final state of the previous moment in the open-loop stage. Compared with the traditional tracking loop, the mean absolute value of carrier phase tracking error is reduced by 92.9% and the standard deviation is reduced by 93.5%. The experimental results show that this technology not only realizes the stable tracking of carrier phase in the open-loop phase, but also effectively suppresses the influence of phase jitter in the closed-loop phase, which is of great application significance for realizing the inter-satellite precise measurement of time division duplex system.