弹道导弹中段机动突防研究

针对弹道导弹中段机动突防问题，在瞬时冲量假设下从理论上研究了速度增量大小、方向和机动时刻对零控脱靶量和落点偏差的影响。研究表明：速度增量大小和机动时刻给定时，零控脱靶量随速度增量方向不同存在极小值和极大值，速度增量方向垂直于视线方向时零控脱靶量接近最大，且最大值近似为待飞时间和速度增量大小的乘积；速度增量大小和机动时刻给定时，落点偏差随速度增量方向的不同存在极小值和极大值，极值点对应的速度增量方向可通过解析方法求解，落点偏差极大值与速度增量大小成正比，且机动时刻越晚，落点偏差极大值越小。该研究可为突防方案设计提供理论基础。

Research on Midcourse Maneuver Penetration of Ballistic Missile

The effect of magnitude and direction of the velocity increment and time of maneuver, on the zero effort miss of intercept and bias of fall point of a ballistic missile, was researched theoretically based on the instantaneous impulse assumption. Researches have shown that, given the magnitude of the velocity increment and the time of maneuver, there are minimal value and maximal value of the zero effort miss, with different direction of the velocity increment, and the zero effort miss approaches the maximal value which equals product of the magnitude of the velocity increment and the time to go, when the direction of the velocity increment is vertical to the line of sight. There are also minimal value and maximal value of bias of fall point with different direction of the velocity increment, given the magnitude of the velocity increment and the time of maneuver, the direction of the velocity increment corresponding the minimal and maximal value can be calculated analytically, the maximal value of the bias of the fall point is proportionable to the magnitude of the velocity increment, and smaller maximal value goes with later maneuver time. The research could supply a theoretical base for the engineering design of midcourse maneuver penetration of a ballistic missile.