航空发动机叶片机器人精密砂带磨削研究现状及发展趋势

航空发动机叶片的型面精度及表面完整性对其疲劳寿命和气流动力性等影响巨大。机器人砂带磨削由于其灵活性好、易于调度、通用性强等特点成为提高叶片表面完整性的有效加工方法之一，但是工业机器人一般仅适用于粗加工，而对于半精加工以及精加工，提高机器人的定位精度是决定加工质量的关键问题。因此，对航空发动机叶片机器人砂带磨削研究现状进行归纳总结，为实现叶片精密磨削提供参考。首先，对叶片机器人砂带磨削系统的组成和结构形式进行了论述，从磨削接触廓形、材料去除规律和表面完整性等方面对砂带磨削机理进行了分析；其次，分别从基于CAD模型、数学模型和人工知识学习三方面总结了叶片机器人砂带磨削轨迹规划方法；然后，对叶片机器人砂带磨削运动控制技术研究进行了介绍，并分析了叶片机器人砂带磨削系统及集成技术；最后，对航空发动机叶片机器人砂带磨削研究现状进行了总结，在此基础上对其发展趋势进行了分析。

Current situation and development trend of robot precise belt grinding for aero-engine blade

The profile precision and high surface quality of aero-engine blade are very important to the air flow dynamics and performance of the aero engine. Robot belt grinding is one of the effective processing method to improve the blade surface integrity due to its good flexibility, easy operation and strong commonality. However, industrial robots are generally suitable for rough machining. For the semi-precision machining and precision machining, the key problem to determine the surface quality is the positioning accuracy of the robots. The current situation and development trend of robot precise belt grinding for aero-engine blade is summarized to provide reference for the development of blade precise grinding technology and its automation. Firstly, the structure and systems of robot belt grinding for blade are reviewed, and the mechanism of robot belt grinding is analyzed from the aspects of the grinding contact profile type, the law of material removal and surface integrity. Secondly, the robot belt grinding trajectory planning is summarized based on the CAD model, the mathematical model and artificial knowledge learning. And then, the motion control technology of robot belt grinding is introduced, and the integrated technology is analyzed. Finally, the current situation of robot precise belt grinding for aero-engine blade is summarized, and the development trend is analyzed.