亚声速低密度风洞的现状和发展

随着我国在临近空间和深空领域探测活动的推进，低密度环境模拟气动试验设施的缺乏极大地制约了相关技术的开发利用，发展相应的亚声速低密度风洞具有重要的意义。文章介绍国外几座典型亚声速低密度风洞的设计特点、关键技术和试验能力，分析国内在空天一体化和深空探测发展中遇到的低密度低雷诺数气动力学问题，提出建设亚声速低密度风洞的需求。通过对国外几座典型亚声速低密度风洞的对比分析，探索我国亚声速低密度风洞的发展方向和技术需求。

Present situation and development of subsonic low density wind tunnel

In the development of the near space and deep space exploration in China, the deficiency of the low density aerodynamic test facility has restricted the development and utilization of the related techniques. So it is highly desirable to build a subsonic low density wind tunnel. The design features, key technologies and test capabilities of several representative foreign subsonic low density wind tunnels are reviewed. It is shown that we have to face the low density and low Reynolds number aerodynamic issues due to the development of the aerospace integration and the deep space exploration. So China has to develop subsonic low density wind tunnels. The development direction and technology requirements of the subsonic low density wind tunnel in China are discussed through comparing several representative foreign subsonic low density wind tunnels.