Dose estimates in a lunar shelter with regolith shielding |
| |
| Authors: | Tai T Pham Mohamed S El-Genk |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980, Russia;2. Dubna State University, 141980, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia;1. Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan;2. Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan;3. Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden;4. University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5005, USA;5. Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-3133, USA;6. East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA;7. Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario K7K 7B4, Canada;8. Medical College of Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China;9. Roanoke College, Salem, VA 24153, USA;10. National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan;1. Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Energia, Via La Masa 34, I-20156 Milano, Italy;2. Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;3. Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;4. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia;1. Radiation Measurement Research Section, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan;2. State Scientific Center of Russian Federation, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;3. Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic;4. Nagase Landauer Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan;5. Rocket Space Corporation, Energia, Moscow Region, Russia;1. GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany;2. Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Darmstadt, Germany;1. Alta SpA, via A. Gherardesca 5, 56123 Pisa, Italy;2. Monolite Ltd., 101 Wardour Street, W1F 0UN, London, UK;3. Foster+Partners, Riverside, 22 Hester Road, SW11 4AN, London, UK;4. Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Istituto TeCIP, Laboratorio PERCRO, via Alamanni 13D, 56010 San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy;5. ESA European Space Research and Technology Centre, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands |
| |
| Abstract: | Beyond the Earth's atmosphere, galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) and solar energetic particles (SEPs) are a significant hazard to both manned and robotic missions. For long human missions on the lunar surface (months to a year) a radiation shelter is needed for dose mitigation and emergency protection in case of solar events. This paper investigates the interaction of source protons of solar events like those of February 1956 that emitted many fewer particles with energies up to 1000 MeV and of the October 1989 event of lower protons energy but higher fluence, with the lunar regolith and aluminum shielding of a lunar shelter. The shelter is 5 m in diameter and has a footprint of 5×8 m and a 10 cm thick aluminum support structure, however, actual thickness could be much smaller (～1–2 cm) depending on the weight of the regolith shielding piled on top. The regolith is shown to be slightly more effective than aluminum. Thus, the current results are still applicable for a thinner aluminum structure and increased equivalent (or same mass) thickness of the regolith. The shielding thicknesses to reduce the dose solely due to solar protons in the lunar shelter below those recommended by NASA to astronauts for 30 day-operation in space (250 mSv) and for radiation workers (50 mSv) are determined and compared. The relative attenuation of incident solar protons with regolith shielding and the dose estimates inside the shelter are calculated for center seeking, planar, and isotropic incidence of the source protons. With the center seeking incidence, the dose estimates are the highest, followed by those with isotropic incidence, and the lowest are those with the planar incidence. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
