太阳帆日心定点悬浮转移轨道设计

研究了太阳帆航天器日心定点悬浮轨道(HFDO)的转移轨道设计问题,以球坐标形式建立了太阳帆的动力学模型,基于该模型给出在日心悬浮轨道基础上实现定点悬浮的条件,提出了一种实现日心定点悬浮的转移轨道设计方法。首先,确定定点悬浮的位置;然后,设计经过该位置的绕日极轨轨道;最后,实施轨道减速实现定点悬浮,并给出了解析形式的轨道控制律。结合太阳极地观测任务,设计了定点悬浮在太阳北极1AU处的太阳帆转移轨道。仿真结果表明:该轨道转移方案总耗时3.5年,太阳帆定点到黄北极距日心1AU处,此后只要保持太阳光垂直照射帆面,即可维持稳定的悬浮状态。

Solar Sail Trajectory Design for Transferring Heliocentric Fixed Displaced Orbit

This paper investigates the transfer trajectory design for solar sail HFDO （heliocentric fixed displaced orbit）. The conception of heliocentric displaced orbit is described, and the orbital equations in spherical coordinates are given. The conditions for static equilibria are identified based on the equations. A method of solar sail trajectory design is proposed for transferring HFDO. Firstly, the fixed displaced point is confirmed. Secondly, the solar polar orbit is designed. Thirdly, the orbit velocity is decreased to reach the fixed displaced point, and an ana- lytic orbit control method is presented. Solar polar region observation mission is designed and simulated as a HFDO example, which levitates a solar sail spacecraft 1AU above the ecliptic north pole. The results show that the trajectory design method can realize the transfer to HFDO in 3.5 years.