发动机一级转子抗鸟撞试验与数值模拟研究

鸟撞发动机在鸟撞事故中最容易造成飞机损坏失事的情况，为了研究发动机一级压气机转子抗鸟撞适航性能，对发动机转子在工作状态下进行鸟撞试验，鸟体质量为1 000 g，撞击速度为195 m/s，发动机一级转子转速为8 525 r/min；基于显式碰撞动力分析软件PAM-CRASH 建立相应的叶片鸟撞数值计算模型，通过与试验结果的对比来验证本文计算模型的合理性；根据发动机适航条例分析不同工况下发动机一级转子抗鸟撞性能。结果表明：大鸟撞击相比于中鸟鸟群和小鸟鸟群，对于叶片的撞击结果更加恶劣；叶尖位置撞击会引起叶尖部位的大变形，叶根和叶中位置撞击会引起叶片根部较大的集中应力，导致叶片断裂。

Experiment and numerical simulation on bird strike with blades of an engine primary compressor

Experiment and numerical simulations were carried out to study the performance of bird strike with blades of an engine primary compressor. Firstly, the bird impact test, in which the bird weight, velocity and rotate speed of engine blades were 1000g, 195m/s, 8525 r/min respectively, was made in a vacuum space. Then the full scale finite element calculation model of bird striking on blades of an engine primary compressor was established, and the numerical simulation results are extremely identical with the test results with acceptable error to show the reliability of simulations. Also, the ability of engine blades against bird strike in different situations was researched. The results indicated that big bird impact leads to a worse situation compared with medium birds flock and small bird lock. Large deformation appears at the tip of the blades due to the impact at the tip part, while impact at the root and middle of the blades will cause a large concentrated stress around the root of blades. The research methods and our conclusions in the current paper are significant to the design of engine blades against to the bird impact.