伴飞航天器轨道修正点状态的最小二乘估计

研究了近圆轨道航天器长期伴随飞行在轨道修正时刻相对状态的最小二乘估计方法。针对长期伴飞航天器在固定时刻进行轨道修正的特点,提出采用最小二乘估计方法对轨道修正时刻的相对位置状态进行估计,并基于模型误差特点提出对该算法进行改进的加权最小二乘估计算法。算法具有计算相对简单、算法灵活等特点。仿真结果表明,对于固定时刻的状态估计,这种加权最小二乘估计算法和扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的效果相当,能够满足在轨长期伴随飞行在轨道修正时刻的相对状态估计精度要求。

State Least-square Estimation of Relative Orbit Modification Point for Following Spacecraft

The relative navigation of long-term following spacecraft in near-circular orbit was researched.For relative orbit modification at fixed time,the least-square estimation was used to derive the relative position and velocity of the fixed time.Based on the feature of model error,the algorithm was improved by weighted least-square.The new algorithm was simply and flexible.Numerical simulation result shows that the performance of the weighted least-square estimation is comparative with that of the Kalman filter,and the precision of the relative state estimation satisfies orbit modification for long-term following spacecraft.