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Human development and the conquest of space
Authors:Sikke A Hempenius  Caesar Voûte
Institution:The authors are with the International Institute for Aerospace Surveys and Earth Sciences (ITC), 350 Boulevard 1945, PO Box 6, 7500AA Enschede, the Netherlands
Abstract:Space age ethics are to be distinguished as a separate set of ethical concepts for several reasons: outer space constitutes a unifying element for mankind; the unique space environment has an international statute; and the impact of space science and the utilization of space technology will always have both positive and negative international consequences and repercussions. Its main objective is an immaterial output-related activity and much of its waste is equally immaterial. Space technology carries another hazard with it - the danger of domination by extrovert cultures. Proper development of space technology requires international cooperation, scientific creativity and technological innovation combined with sociopolitical, economic and cultural aims and objectives and ethical values. Norms and objectives have to take into account religious concepts, humanistic viewpoints and sociocultural criteria. The ethics of the conquest of space have to consider the benefit of all mankind and that of each single individual, group and society as complementary and of equal importance.
Keywords:outer space  science policy  ethics
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