电动帆航天器谷神星探测任务轨迹优化

针对电动帆航天器谷神星探测任务轨迹优化问题，提出一种基于高斯伪谱法和遗传算法的混合优化算法。为了验证所提出的混合优化算法有效性，并考察任务起始时间和电动帆特征加速度对探测任务的影响，进行了一定数量的数值仿真。仿真结果表明：电动帆航天器自地球至谷神星的飞行时间随着起始时间的变化呈周期性波动，波动周期基本与地球和谷神星的会合周期一致；电动帆航天器的特征加速度越小，完成过渡所需要的飞行时间越长，且一个具有中等特征加速度的电动帆航天器便能在可接受的时间内完成自地球至谷神星的过渡；所提出的混合优化算法是有效的，能够在无任何初值猜测的情况下完成电动帆航天器飞行轨迹的优化。

Trajectory Optimization for Ceres Exploration with an Electric Sail

A hybrid optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithm and Gauss pseudospectral method is proposed for an electric sail to generate the optimal trajectory to explore Ceres. Plenty of simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Effects of mission starting date and characteristic acceleration of the electric sail on the exploration mission are also studied. Results show that the optimal transfer time varies periodically with the starting time. The period is close to the synodic period of Ceres. The optimal transfer time decreases with the characteristic acceleration. An acceptable transfer time can be achieved by an electric sail with a medium characteristic acceleration. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid optimization algorithm, which is capable to obtain the optimal trajectory without any initial value guess.