星载SAR缝隙波导天线环境适应性设计与验证

针对星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）长寿命、高可靠的需求，从天线的类型选择、构型设计和实现途径等方面介绍了某大型星载SAR平面相控阵天线的技术路线，确定采用真空钎焊技术的整块缝隙波导天线为研究对象；从机电热全面分析其在空间力学环境、热环境、真空环境和带电粒子辐射环境下的适应性设计关键技术和难点，如:通过合理减重、结构分块和布局优化等设计，解决天线的刚强度问题；对天线全流程工艺进行控制以获得满足热控要求的阳极氧化膜；采用游离设计减小天线在高低温环境下的热变形；通过合理确定电场最强处两个金属面的间距来消减天线在真空环境下的微放电现象；通过选择聚酰亚胺材料作为射频连接器的介质支撑来提高天线的抗辐射能力。环境试验和在轨验证结果证明，该缝隙波导天线设计合理，环境适应性良好，能够稳定正常工作。

Environmental adaptability design and verification of slot waveguide antenna for spaceborne SAR

In order to meet the requirements of long-life and high reliability of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the technical route of a large planar phased array antenna for spaceborne SAR was introduced from the aspects of antenna type selection, configuration design and implementation approach. The whole slot waveguide antenna using vacuum brazing was selected as the research object. The key technologies and difficult points of the adaptive design in mechanical, thermal radiation, high and low temperature, vacuum and space radiation environments were comprehensively analyzed from mechanical, electrical and thermal perspectives. For example, the rigidity and strength of the antenna were solved through the designs of reasonable weight reduction, structural partitioning and layout optimization. The anodized film that meets the thermal control requirement was obtained through the whole process control of the antenna. The free design was used to reduce the thermal deformation of the antenna at high and low temperature. By reasonably determining the spacing between the two metal surfaces at the strongest electric field, the multipactor in vacuum could be reduced. The anti-irradiation capability of the antenna was improved by selecting polyimide as the dielectric support of the RF connector. The results of environmental test and on-orbit verification show that the design of slot waveguide antenna is reasonable with good environmental adaptability, and is able to work stably and normally.