舰载机弹射起飞影响因素分析及侧向控制律设计

针对舰载机弹射起飞安全性问题，对起飞过程中影响起飞安全的因素进行了详细分析，建立了舰载机离舰上升段的非线性六自由度运动模型，仿真研究了甲板的横摇、偏摆运动以及常值侧风干扰等因素对弹射起飞特性的影响。分析得出，对舰载机离舰后滚转和侧滑运动起主要影响的是甲板横摇运动和侧风干扰。设计了基于非线性动态逆方法的控制器以保留模型的非线性特征，实现对横侧向运动状态的解耦控制，效果更佳。仿真结果表明，设计的侧向控制律能够保证飞机的滚转角在离舰后3 s内满足不超过5°的安全准则要求，且不会因侧风干扰出现明显的侧滑现象，能够保证舰载机安全起飞。 

Analysis of factors affecting catapult take-off of carrier aircraft and design of lateral control law

The various factors affecting the carrier aircraft catapult take-off safety are analyzed in detail. The nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom motion model of the aircraft in climbing phase is established. The effect of the rolling and yaw motion and crosswind on the catapult take-off characteristics is simulated and analyzed, and it is found that the main influences on the rolling and side-slip movement of the carrier aircraft after leaving the ship are the deck rolling motion and crosswind disturbance respectively. The nonlinear dynamic inverse control method is proposed to keep the nonlinear features of the model, make the result more precise, and realize the decoupling control of directional and lateral motion states. The simulation result indicates that the designed lateral control law can ensure that the rolling angle of the aircraft meets the safety criterion of not exceeding 5° within 3 seconds after leaving the ship and that there will be no obvious side-slip phenomenon due to crosswind disturbance, which can guarantee the safe take-off of carrier aircraft.