未知环境下无人机集群协同区域搜索算法

针对无人机集群在无先验信息的未知环境中协同搜索的问题，提出了一种以覆盖率为实时搜索奖励的无人机集群协同区域搜索算法。首先建立覆盖分布地图（CDM）来描述任务环境，并采用Hadamard积实现CDM的快速更新，继而基于CDM计算覆盖率来定量描述实时搜索效果。将无人机集群视为一个控制系统，基于分布式模型预测控制理论建立系统的预测模型，并将预测周期内最大覆盖率增量设为奖励函数，采用差分进化算法进行求解，得到最优解作为系统的最优输入。仿真结果表明，所提算法能够对区域进行覆盖搜索，在出现突发情况时，覆盖率远高于平行搜索方法。 

Cooperative area search algorithm for UAV swarm in unknown environment

Aimed at the problem of cooperative search for UAV swarm in an unknown environment without prior information, a cooperative area search algorithm for UAV swarm with coverage rate as real-time search rewards is proposed. First, coverage distribution map (CDM) is established to describe the mission area, and the rapid update of CDM is realized by using Hadamard product. Then, the coverage rate is calculated based on CDM to describe the search results quantitatively. Considering UAV swarm as a control system, a predictive model of the system is established based on the distributed model predictive control theory, and the maximum increment of coverage rate in the predictive period is determined as a reward function. The optimal solution, as the optimal input of system, is obtained by differential evolution algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can complete the coverage and search of region effectively. In the event of emergencies, its area coverage rate is much higher than that of the parallel search method.