定常基线卫星编队构形设计

采用动力学法研究了卫星编队的相对运动特性,根据星间相对基线的定义,仔细推导了星间相对基线与卫星编队构形参数之间的关系,并根据此关系定义了一种可以较好地反映星间相对基线运动稳定性的指标,即稳定度.在一个轨道周期内,分析了三种特殊卫星编队的最大水平基线和最大垂直基线在相同稳定度下的稳定时间.结果表明,这三种编队构形不能满足水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的要求.由此出发,重点研究了可以使星间相对基线定常的条件,并得出了相应的结论.水平基线定常的充要条件为三个约束关系式,垂直基线定常的充要条件为两个约束关系式.由此条件同时可知,两星编队无法满足水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的要求,因此,至少需要三星编队才可以达到此要求.最后,按照本文所得结论,设计了一个水平基线和垂直基线同时定常的三星编队.利用成熟软件对设计结果进行了分析,分析结果表明了本设计方法的正确性. 

Configuration Design of Satellite Foramation With Constant Baselines

Constant measurement baselines are very important to satellite formations. So this work stresses on conditions for the constant measurement baselines. Based on the characteristics of relative motion of satellite formations and the definition of baselines in satellite formations, this article firstly studies the relationship between baselines and formation configuration parameters. A criterion called Stabilization Level is then proposed, which can preferably indicate the stabilization of varying baselines. Under the same stabilization level and orbit period, stabilization periods of time of the maximum horizontal and vertical baselines in three particular formations are analyzed. The three formations are at a certain extent similar to foreign formations: Interferometric Cartwheel, Interfer-ometric Pendulum and CarPe. Results show that the three formations cannot meet the requirement of constant horizontal and vertical baselines synchronously. Therefore, the article researches on the conditions for the constant measurement baselines and draws a conclusion: the sufficient and necessary conditions are three constraint formulas for constant horizontal baseline and two for constant vertical baseline. Another important conclusion obtained from the above one is that the formation by two satellites cannot satisfy the above requirement. At end of the article, a formation by three satellites is designed according to the above research, which can attain the constant horizontal and vertical baselines simultaneously and validate the above research.