适应高压燃烧的HTPB/AP/Al推进剂用钙盐降速剂研究

研究了碳酸钙(CaCO_3)和一种自制钙盐(CaOr)对HTPB/AP/Al推进剂燃烧性能和常温力学性能的影响,采用DSC-TG和SEM方法对比研究了CaOr、CaCO_3对AP热分解的影响,及含两种化合物的推进剂熄火表面形貌。结果表明,在3~17 MPa压强范围内,CaCO_3和CaOr均能有效降低HTPB/AP/Al推进剂的燃速和压强指数,CaOr比CaCO_3具有更好的燃速抑制效果,在高压段内的压强指数可降为0.17,达到平台推进剂水平。CaOr的加入使AP两个阶段的分解放热峰均向高温方向移动,CaCO_3对AP的低温分解峰没有影响,使AP的高温分解峰推迟。CaOr的降速效果优于CaCO_3的主要原因是其推迟了AP的低温分解峰,同时改变了AP的热分解历程,且在凝聚相中的分散性更好。

Study on the calcium salts used for high pressurecombustion of HTPB/AP/Al propellants

The combustion and mechanical properties of AP/Al/HTPB propellants containing CaCO3 and CaOr were studied.The thermal decomposition of AP and AP/CaOr,AP/CaCO3 were studied by DSC-TG technique.The quenched surfaces of AP/Al/HTPB propellants were observed by SEM facility.The results showed that both CaCO3 and CaOr can decrease the burning rates and the pressure exponents of this type of propellants at 3～17 MPa.The CaOr showed a better inhibition effect,where it could decrease the pressure exponent to 0.17 and reach the plateau combustion behavior.The analysis of DSC shows that both the temperature for the low and high decomposition exothermic peaks of AP are increased by use of CaOr.The temperature for high decomposition exothermic peak of AP catalyzed by CaCO3 is slightly increased,but there is little effect on the temperature for low decomposition exothermic peak of AP.The reason for the better inhibition effect of CaOr is that CaOr could postponed the low and high decomposition exothermic peaks of AP and it possessed better dispersity in the solid packing of AP/Al/HTPB propellant.