月球卫星精密定轨

随着空间应用需求的日益增大,深空探测已成为现实,而月球显然是人类走向深空的首选目标。发射月球探测器通常分3个阶段,其运动状态分别对应3种不同类型的轨道:近地停泊轨道、地月转移轨道和绕月轨道。月球是1个慢自转天体且无大气,就轨道解而言这些因素导致环月卫星的运动与地球卫星有所差别。本文针对月球探测任务的特点,从月球与地球的差别入手,在仔细分析月球卫星的受力状况前提下,着重阐述月球探测器在环月段精密定轨的方法原理和具体实现过程。

The Precise Orbit Determination of the Lunar Satellite

With the increasing requirements for the space applications,since the moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth and the nearest celestial body,it becomes the first target of the mankind for space adventure.The flight of the moon satellites usually includes three steps corresponding to three different orbit types: the parking orbit,the transfer orbit from the Earth to the moon and lunar satellite orbit.The moon has such characteristics as a slow rotation body and no atmosphere,which provide many advantages and disadvantages for the moon exploration.This paper mainly describes the theory of precision orbit determination and realization process,with considering the power analysis of lunar satellite through the differences between the Earth and the moon.