基于透射原理的液面变形测量方法综述

带液体燃料的航天器的液体晃动与运动控制离不开液面变形的精确测量。然而液体的弱反射性、易变形性、强透射性等特点增大了液面变形的测量难度，而传统的固体形貌光测技术并不适用。文章综述了目前应用较广的基于透射的液面变形测量方法，重点对相位偏折法、畸变分析法和光线追踪法的测量原理、灵敏度、适用范围和各自的优缺点进行讨论；并展望液面测量方法的发展方向和趋势。

A review of liquid surface deformation measurement techniques based on transmission

In the control of the liquid sloshing and motion for spacecraft using liquid fuel, the precise measurement of the liquid surface deformation is an essential part. The liquid features weak reflectivity, good deformability and strong transmittance, which poses a challenge in the measurement of the liquid surface, and the traditional optical measurement technology for the solid surface is not applicable. The transmission-based measurement techniques widely used for the liquid surface deformation measurement are reviewed with the emphasis on the three techniques, namely, the phase deflectometry, the distortion analysis method and the ray tracing technique. The measuring principle, the sensitivity, the applicable scope, the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed. The development direction and trend of the liquid surface measurement methods are prospected.