卫星在轨主要故障模式、原因分析及措施建议

分析国内外近10多年来的卫星在轨故障情况，总结6类灾难性及严重在轨故障模式；提炼出星上典型设备/部件的主要在轨故障模式。在此基础上，从新技术及新状态的地面验证充分性、复杂工艺的稳定性、元器件及电装质量、空间环境影响、软件设计、地面操作等方面分析在轨故障的主要原因，并给出措施建议，旨在为卫星系统可靠性设计、主要设备/部件的薄弱环节识别及可靠性设计提供参考。

Analysis of main fault modes and their causes with supposed countermeasures for satellites in orbit

Based on the analysis of the major satellite in-orbit faults during the past 10 years, six types of catastrophic and serious faults are identified, along with the principal fault modes of typical onboard equipment/components. On this basis, the main causes of the in-orbit faults are analyzed, and it is shown that the following factors are important: the sufficient ground validation of new technologies and new states, the stability of the complex processing, the quality of components and electric assembly, the knowledge of the space environmental influences, the software design, and the proper ground operation. Suggestions are given correspondingly on the countermeasures, to provide a reference for the identification of the weak links of key equipment/components and the related reliability design both in the unit and system levels.