基于Fe3O4陶粒的密封舱微波辐射空气净化技术

着眼于开发满足生物安全性的密封舱空气净化技术，制备Fe₃O₄陶粒吸波材料，并探讨基于该吸波材料的微波辐射过程对不同种类生物气溶胶的灭活特性。验证实验显示:灭活效果随着微波辐射时间的延长而增强；微波辐射对不同种类生物气溶胶的灭活率依次为大肠杆菌＞杂色曲霉菌＞枯草芽孢杆菌＞枯草芽孢杆菌孢子。分析发现:添加Fe₃O₄陶粒使微波辐射对生物气溶胶的灭活增强是微波热效应、非热效应以及O?和?OH的氧化作用共同所致；Fe₃O₄陶粒还可降低48.56%～59.23%的单位微波能耗。基于Fe₃O₄陶粒的微波辐射技术可有效用于我国载人航天器（含空间站）发射前的舱内空气净化除菌。

Microwave radiation based on Fe3O4 ceramsite for air purification in sealed cabin

In order to develop an air purification technique in accordance with the biosafety requirements for the spacecraft sealed cabin, we carry out experiments to study how the microwave radiation. inactivates different bioaerosols with and without the additive Fe₃O₄ ceramsite as the microwave absorbing material. It is shown that for each kind of bioaerosols, the inactivation rate increases with the microwave radiation time. The inactivation rates for different bioaerosols by the microwave radiation are ranked in descending order: Escherichia coli, Aspergillversicoir, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis spore. The mechanism of the increased inactivation rate by the microwave radiation on the bioaerosols with Fe₃O₄ ceramsite involves a combination of the microwave thermal effect, the non-thermal effect, and the oxidation of O? and ?OH free radicals. The microwave effect with the existence of the Fe₃O₄ ceramsite can reduce the unit microwave energy consumption by 48.56% to 59.23%. The microwave radiation with the help of the Fe₃O₄ ceramsite can be effectively applied in the air purification process for China’s manned spacecraft (including the space station).