Finite element modelling and experimental investigation of the impact of filling different materials in copper tubes during 3D free bending process |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Equipment Materials Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China;3. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;5. Department of Precision Manufacturing Engineering, Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology, Suzhou 215104, China |
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| Abstract: | 3D free bending process, an advanced metal forming technology, has attracted much attention due to its unique geometrical flexibility and efficiency. Filling tubes with materials may effectively reduce the distortion in the cross-section area and restrain wrinkling and collapse of tube wall. In the present study, the impacts of filling different materials on the copper tubes during 3D free bending process were investigated. We have found that copper tubes filled with low melting point alloys could induce the most uniform stress distribution, which result in better formability and moderate thickness changing rates when compared to SS304 steel balls and PU rubbers. The lowest ellipticity reached to 1.467%. |
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| Keywords: | 3D free bending Ellipticity Filling bending Finite element modelling Force model Thickness |
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