飞机座舱显示界面脑力负荷测量与评价

脑力负荷是影响飞行安全的重要因素之一,对飞行员脑力负荷进行客观测量,对于飞机座舱显示界面脑力任务的工效评价与优化设计具有重要意义.基于ERP（Eveat Related Potential）技术,选取失匹配负波（MMN,Mismatch Negativity）和P3a成分为指标,采用三刺激“oddball”模式,在飞行模拟任务条件下开展了三级脑力负荷的测量与评价研究.实验结果表明,MMN峰值和P3a峰值对脑力负荷变化敏感,随着脑力负荷的增加,MMN峰值显著增加,而P3a峰值显著降低,反应了被试者对异常信息的自动加工能力的提高以及朝向注意能力的减弱.与新异刺激相比,由偏差刺激所诱发的MMN与P3a成分对于与飞行任务相关的脑力负荷具有更好的敏感性,将可用于进一步的脑力负荷分级评价.

Measurement and evaluation of mental workload for aircraft cockpit display interface

Mental workload is one of the most important factors that affect flight safety. Objective measurement for pilot mental workload is of great significance for the ergonomics evaluation and optimal design of mental tasks in aircraft cockpit display interface. On the basis of event related potential (ERP) technology, measurement and evaluation of three levels of mental workloads during flight simulation task were carried out. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a components were recorded and selected as evaluation indices under three stimulus "oddball" paradigm. Experiment results show that the peak amplitudes of MMN and P3a are both sensitive to mental workloads. Increased MMN and decreased P3a were found under the high mental workload condition, indicating a more engaged change-detection and much reduced involuntary orienting of attention. Compared with the amplitudes of MMN and P3a elicited by novel stimulus, the ones elicited by task-irrelevant deviant stimulus had better sensitivity to mental workload related to flight task and can be available for further mental workload classification.