基于健康监测的飞机结构寿命预测技术

飞机结构健康监测技术在飞机的结构设计、飞行及维护过程中发挥着重要作用，该技术可用于结构健康状况预判、辅助维修与维护决策。本文首先介绍了当前结构健康监测的概念及其适用范围，讨论了结构健康监测相关规范要求，以F-35 和A400M 为例分析了国外飞机结构健康监测技术的典型工程案例，并给出了典型飞机单机跟踪和寿命控制、某老龄飞机载荷谱实测及寿命预测，讨论了基于裂纹的监测方法研究及限制其应用的主要因素。在此基础上，提出了飞机结构健康监测系统设计的主要思路，给出了寿命预计的基本流程，阐述了其中控制点选择、飞参筛选、载荷/应变方程构建、损伤计算及寿命评估、结果输出及方程验证等主要环节。最后，对航空领域未来开展结构健康监测智能化研究进行了展望。

Life prediction technology of aircraft structures based on structural health

In this paper, several concepts of structural health monitoring and their applications are introduced. The requirements of structural health monitoring are discussed, and the typical engineering cases of aircraft structural health monitoring technology are analyzed with the examples of F-35 and A400M. Then, the individual aircraft tracking and life control of typical aircraft, the load spectrum survey and life prediction of an aging aircraft are given, and the research on damage monitoring method and the main limitation of its application are discussed. The main idea of aircraft structural health monitoring system design and basic flow of life prediction are put forward, and main tasks of structural health monitoring including selection of control points and flight parameters, construction of load/ strain equation, calculation of damage and fatigue life, results output and verification of the equation are also introduced . Finally, the future research of aircraft structural health monitoring is prospected.