Practical method for routine analysis of the valley parameters between E- and F-region of the ionosphere |
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Authors: | Klaus Bibl Marc Calandrella |
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Institution: | University of Lowell, Center for Atmospheric Research, Lowell, MA 01854, USA |
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Abstract: | Measurement of the virtual height and the frequency of the minimum of the F-region extraordinary trace in digital and analog ionograms can provide a world-wide survey of the main parameters for the valley between E- and F-region ionization. The two added quantities establish also the starting point for the true height analysis of the F-region ionization. |
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