太空中的PM2.5——太阳系尘埃动力学研究进展

对太阳系尘埃动力学所涉及到的基本内容进行概述，包括尘埃的种类、成分、尺寸、密度、形状和生命周期。介绍了近年来在尘埃的来源与生成机制方面的力学过程、主要理论、模型与方法，包括冲击溅射、表面喷射、风化、滑坡、质量脱落、旋转断裂等，阐述了尘埃的充电过程与磁场环境，简要概述了航天任务的尘埃探测结果，介绍了尘埃受力模型、单个尘埃颗粒的运动以及大量尘埃的分布特征、动力学现象及内在规律方面的最新研究结论。最后对太阳系尘埃动力学领域的未来发展趋势进行了展望。

PM2.5 in Space: Trend of Research on Dust Dynamics in Solar System

This paper provides an overview of the basics involved in the dust dynamics in the solar system, including the classification, composition, size, density, shape, and life cycle of the dust grains. Furthermore, the mechanical processes, theories, models and methods in the mechanism of source and generation of the dust grains have been investigated, including dust ejection, surface spraying, weathering, regolith landslides, mass shedding, and rotational breakup. The charging process and the environment of the magnetic field of the dust grains are described. The results of the dust detection of space missions are briefly summarized. The recent progress on the dynamic model and motion of the dust grains, the distribution characteristics, the dynamic behavior and mechanism of a large number of dust grains have been investigated. Finally, the future trend of dust dynamics in the solar system has been prospected.