高速气流吹袭防护气动特性的数值模拟

应用CFD方法研究了配备高速气流吹袭防护装置的人椅系统的气动特性。空间离散采用Osher逆风格式，紊流模型采用基于Spalart—Allmaras一方程的DES方法，在马赫数为0．6和1．2；迎角-10～30°；侧滑角为0°和15°范围内的粘性大分离流；以及来流马赫数为0．8和1．6；迎角5～30°；侧滑角为0，-20和-50°条件下，对有无防护装置的人椅系统气动特性进行了数值模拟。计算结果与试验结果吻合较好，高速气流吹袭防护装置在高速弹射过程中有效地保护了人体。

NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WINDBLAST PROTECTION AT HIGH SPEED

The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the seat/occupant with windblast protection devices.The upwind Osher scheme is used for the spatial discreti-sation.The detached-eddy simulation (DES) based on the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model is ap-plied to the detached viscous flow simulation behind the seat/occupant, with Mach numbers 0.6 and 1.2 at attack angles between -10 and 30°, and at two sideslip angles of 0 and 15°, respectively.The aerodynamic characteris-tics of seat/occupants with and without windblast protection devices are calculated in cases of the freestream Math numbers 0.8 and 1.6, attack angles from 5 to 30°, and three sideslip angles of 0, -20 and -50°, respec-tively.Results show that simulation results agree well with experimental data.And the occupant is efficiently protected by windblast protection devices.