基于汇聚点观测的天基光学监视星座设计

针对地球静止轨道目标监视问题,提出了一种基于汇聚点观测的天基光学监视星座设计方法.研究分析了地球静止轨道目标分布特性,针对静止轨道目标在特定位置分布密度较大的特点,设计了监视星座对汇聚点区域进行重点观测的策略.分析了监视星座的轨道类型和传感器观测策略,提出采用太阳同步轨道设计监视星座和相应的汇聚点区域观测的方法.在满足对汇聚点观测要求及同步带重访周期为1d的条件下,对星座进行了设计.仿真结果表明：设计的4颗卫星组成的观测星座,对同步带目标的重访周期小于1d,24 h内的平均观测时间约为900 s,且能观测到更多的同步带目标.该方法可供工程应用参考.

Design of a Space-Based Optical Surveillance Constellation Based on Observation of Pinch Point Regions

This paper presents a method to design a space-based optical surveillance constellation based on pinch point observation to meet surveillance requirements of GEO （Geostationary Earth Orbit） objects. As study of the distribution of GEO objects finds that objects have a higher intensity at specific positions, a strategy focusing on observation of pinch point regions is designed for the surveillance constellation. Following analysis of the orbit type of the surveillance constellation and sensor observation strategy, a sun synchronous orbit is proposed for design of the constellation together with a corresponding pinch point region observation method. The constellation is designed to fit into constraints of pinch point surveillance and one-day revisit time of the GEO belt. The result of simulation indicates that the revisit time of GEO objects by the four-satellite surveillance constellation designed in this paper is less than one day and the average observation time is about 900 s. Moreover, the constellation can observe more objects in the GEO belt.