俯仰操纵方式对自转旋翼机操稳特性的影响

为了研究不同的俯仰操纵方式对于旋翼机飞行动力学特性的影响，首先基于解析形式叶素法给出自转旋翼的建模方法，并建立了对象无人旋翼机的数学模型；然后分析了2种操纵方式在配平、稳定性及操纵性等方面的差异。研究表明，2种操纵方式各有优缺点：旋翼操纵方式的配平俯仰姿态变化更小且长周期稳定性更好，但螺旋模态不稳定；升降舵操纵方式的螺旋稳定性更好，且俯仰可达力矩较大，但高速配平迎角为负且存在速度静不稳定的问题。针对2种操纵方式，分别设计集成了2架样例无人旋翼机并进行了飞行试验。基于试验数据分析了无人旋翼机飞行过程中自转旋翼的转速变化特性；分别对2架无人旋翼机进行了姿态控制律设计与试验，较好地实现了姿态跟踪控制，并基于试飞数据验证了无人旋翼机数学模型。

Influence of pitch manipulation modes on controllability and stability of autogyro

To study the influence of two manipulation modes on flight dynamics characteristics of autogyro, an example autogyro UAV was chosen and modeled based on closed-form blade element method. Then the differences of the two modes in trim results, stability and handling characteristics were analyzed in the whole speed envelope. The results indicate that each manipulation mode has its advantages and disadvantages:for the rotor manipulation mode, the trim pitch angle has little change and the phugoid mode is stable, but the spiral mode is unstable in the whole envelope. For the elevator manipulation mode, the spiral mode is stable at relatively high speed and the attainable pitch moment is larger, but the trim angle of attack is negative at high speed and the speed static stability is negative. Then two prototype autogyro UAVs were assembled and flight-tested for the two manipulation modes respectively. The autorotation of the main rotor during the whole flight were analyzed. Attitude control laws were designed and flight-tested for the two prototype UAVs, which both achieve attitude tracking relatively well. Finally, the model of the autogyro UAV was validated with the flight test data.