拦截高速目标的全向真比例制导律研究

针对高速目标拦截问题,提出了能自动选择拦截模式并调整拦截弹速度,兼具顺、逆轨拦截能力的全向真比例制导律(OTPN),该制导律可以满足对高速目标实施全向拦截制导的需求。本文在高速目标的比例拦截制导研究中,发现存在2个满足成功条件且比例关系符号相反的制导终点,分别对应顺、逆轨拦截模式;在制导律的设计中综合控制加速度限制因素,通过制导比例关系的正负变换放宽了初始拦截约束条件。数值仿真结果验证了OTPN的正确性和有效性,与其他制导方案的拦截仿真比较表明:同等拦截条件下OTPN的捕获范围、拦截时间和总控制量需求等参数均优于经典比例和负比例制导律;通过捕获能力仿真,研究了控制加速度上限和比例系数取值对OTPN拦截捕获能力的影响。

Omnidirectional true proportional navigation: Novel guidance law for interception of high-speed targets

Aiming at the interception of high-speed targets, a new interception guidance law called omnidirectional true proportional navigation (OTPN) was proposed, which adapted to variable-speed interception and can automatically shift interception mode, possessing both head-pursuit and head-on interception capabilities. This guidance law has a wide capture range and can meet the need of omnidirectional interception guidance of high-speed targets. It is found that there are two crack points which meet success conditions in interception guidance of proportional navigation. The signs of navigation ratio for the two crack points are inverse, which leads to the different intercept modes of head-pursuit or head-on interception. In the proposed guidance law, the initial conditions are relaxed through the sign alternating of navigation ratio, and the acceleration limitation was considered as well. The results of numerical simulation verify the validity and effectiveness of OTPN guidance law. Compared with interception simulation of other guidance schemes, under the same intercept conditions, the parameters of capture region, intercept time and control efforts are all superior to those of classical proportional guidance law and retro-proportional guidance law. The major factors influencing interception and capture capabilities of OTPN, such as the maximum acceleration and the value of navigation gain were also studied through capture ability simulation.