柔性空域结构下连续下降航迹多目标优化

连续下降运行（CDO）是基于航迹运行（TBO）概念的重要组成，对于减少机场终端区燃油消耗和环境影响具有显著效果。简洁、高效和灵活的进场空域，以及高度自动的无冲突节能轨迹规划，是实现高密度终端区连续下降运行的核心要素。设计了一种融合Point Merge理念的新型倒皇冠形进场空域（ICSAA），规范了新型空域内航空器运行程序，建立了以燃油消耗和飞行时间最小为目标的连续下降进近无冲突四维轨迹优化模型，并选用基于精英保留策略的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）进行高效求解。论证了新型柔性空域下连续下降运行轨迹优化具备复杂高密度场景预战术和战术运行性能，对于飞行效率、经济性和空域容量提升具有显著效果，为促进繁忙机场全时段连续下降运行的推广应用提供新视角和新方法。

Multi-objective optimization of continuous descending trajectories in flexible airspace

Continuous Descending Operation (CDO), an important part of the concept Trajectory Based Operation (TBO), has a significant effect on reducing fuel consumption and noise impact in the airport terminal airspace. Simple, efficient, flexible airspace structure, and highly automatic conflict-free and energy saving trajectory planning are the core elements for the realization of CDO in high-density terminal airspace. We design a new type of airspace named Inverted Crown-Shaped Arrival Airspace (ICSAA) adapted from Point Merge and its operational procedures. Based on the ICSAA, a conflict-free continuous descending trajectory optimization model is established to minimize both fuel consumption and travel time, which is efficiently solved by the adapted NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm. The results demonstrate strong and reliable performance of the proposed trajectory optimization in the new airspace in supporting pre-tactical and tactical operations in complex traffic scenarios, thereby improving flight efficiency, economy and airspace capacity, and further providing a new perspective and method for promoting the application of CDO to high-density airports.